Abstract
Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) connect physical equipment and the information system to realize real-time perception and intelligent control of the equipment. With the rapid development of wireless sensors, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) now play a major role in CPS and have become a focus of research. However, WSNs in CPS face great challenges in ensuring the high reliability and time critical performance of data transmission because of the characteristics of the complex structure and dynamic connectivity. In order to meet the performance requirement of CPS data transmission, a Reliability and Timeliness Guaranteed Opportunistic Routing (RTGOR) protocol is proposed that is based on opportunistic routing and combined with quantified transmission reliability and time guarantees. Our simulation results demonstrate that RTGOR performs better than the state-of-the-art protocol QMOR (QoS-assured Opportunistic Routing Mechanism), in terms of the packet delivery rate and end-to-end delay metrics.
Highlights
With the rapid technological development of sensors and networks, emerging paradigms such as cyber-physical systems (CPSs) are getting increased attention as a result of their wide application in various areas
5 Conclusions In this paper, we put forward a Reliability and Timeliness Guaranteed Opportunistic Routing (RTGOR) protocol, which is realized based on opportunistic routing and combined with quantified transmission reliability and time guarantees
The algorithm is aimed at the high demand for timeliness and reliability of data transmission in CPS applications
Summary
With the rapid technological development of sensors and networks, emerging paradigms such as cyber-physical systems (CPSs) are getting increased attention as a result of their wide application in various areas. RTGOR considers the transmission time and the link delay as the QoS parameters to improve the transmission performance Both reliability and timeliness requirements could be provided quantitatively for mission-critical applications in the RTGOR algorithm, and the complexity has not been increased. To meet the demands of various scenarios and applications, different opportunistic routing protocols provide different QoS guarantees, including energy consumption, reliability, delay, and throughput. Yang et al [18] proposed an energy-aware opportunistic routing protocol EARTOR with QoS constraints, which schedules the power level at each relay node for message relay to meet its end-to-end latency constraint, thereby achieving better energy efficiency. In the aspect of reducing network latency, some real-time routing protocols have been proposed [19, 20]; all these works realized soft QoS provisioning, without quantitative timeliness guarantee. We aim to improve transmission reliability and reduce end-to-end delay
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