Routing Protocols in CRAHNs: A Review

Abstract

Cognitive radio, CR is a promising technology to authorize the competent usage of restricted natural resource radio frequency spectrum for the wireless devices. The technology authorizes the secondary (unlicensed) users, SU to exploit underutilized spectrum allocated to primary (licensed) user, and PU by renovating the traditional static spectrum access approach to dynamic spectrum access without creating any/allowable interference for PU. Design and implement routing protocol in Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks, is an upcoming challenge. Such protocols require addressing the issues like environmental awareness to identify the licensed spectrum which is comparatively underutilized by PUs and can be use by SUs respecting the privilege of PUs usage and avoidance any interference to them. This paper presents the revised analytical model using domain object model of Dynamic Spectrum Management Functions (DSMF) that also represents the concept of cognitive routing in Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks (CRAHNs). The presented analytical model facilitates to enhance the understanding of the concept of routing protocol in CRAHNs. The paper designates suggested routing protocols in recent years. Based on the literature survey, the paper also provides the research gap in the area of cognitive routing protocol in CRAHNs and ends with concluding remarks.