Routine laboratory parameters in estimating mortality and morbidity in COVID-19 diagnosed cases followed in the intensive care unit.

Abstract

In this study, our goal was to assess the neutrophil/lymphocyte, platelet/lymphocyte ratios, urea/albumin, lactate, C-reactive protein/albumin procalcitonin/albumin, dehydrogenase/albumin, and protein/albumin rates in 368 critical COVID-19 cases following the entrance to the intensive care unit (ICU) to investigate the effects of biomarkers on prognosis and mortality. The Ethics Committee approved this study carried out in our hospital's intensive care units between March 2020 and April 2022. 368 patients, 220 (59.8%) male, and 148 (40.2%) female, diagnosed with COVID-19 and aged between 18 and 99 years were included in this research. The average age of non-survivors was statistically considerably higher than survivors (p<0.05). There was no numerical significance in terms of gender concerning mortality (p>0.05). The duration of ICU stay was statistically considerably prolonged in survivors than in those who did not survive (p<0.05). The leukocytes, neutrophils, urea, creatinine, ferritin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), and pro-brain natriuretic peptide (pro-BNP) levels were numerically considerably higher in the non-survivors (p<0.05). The platelet, lymphocyte, protein, and albumin levels statistically considerably declined in non-survivors in comparison with survivors (p<0.05). Acute renal failure (ARF) increased mortality by 31.815-fold, ferritin by 0.998-fold, pro-BNP by 1-fold, procalcitonin by 574.353-fold, neutrophil/lymphocyte by 1.119-fold, CRP/albumin by 2.141-fold, and protein/albumin by 0.003-fold. It was found that the number of days in the ICU increased mortality by 1.098-fold, creatinine by 0.325-fold, CK by 1.007-fold, urea/albumin by 1.079-fold, and LDH/albumin by 1.008-fold.