Route Optimization Battery Equalization for Series Connected Liquid Metal Battery Strings

Abstract

In order to solve the inconsistency problem of series connected liquid metal battery (LMB) strings, a route optimization equalization scheme is proposed in this paper. In terms of balancing topology, a modular double-layer cell-to-cell balancing topology based on inductor and flyback multi-winding transformer is designed, which can transfer energy between any two batteries within or among modules. For control strategy, an equalization strategy based on graph theory and ant colony optimization (ACO) is proposed, which has been compared with the traditional maximum/minimum equalization control strategy. The simulation results show that compared with traditional equalization strategy, the balancing speed of the route optimization control strategy is improved by 88.62%, and the balancing efficiency is increased by 19.43%. Therefore, the proposed strategy can not only effectively improve the consistency of the battery strings, but also optimize the balancing effect.