Abstract
This article aims to describe a case report of an immunocompetent adult patient with rotavirus infection, highlighting the points to be reviewed and the conducts performed, in order to include in the routine of health professionals more appropriate actions in cases of diarrhea. acute. The research was conducted qualitatively, with the direct collection of patient data, describing the events chronologically, aiming at a better understanding of the clinical picture and medical actions. The patient presented with diarrhea and colic, with worsening in 24 hours, being seen at the emergency room and later with specialist in infectology. Routine examinations, water and food support were performed during hospitalization, as well as symptomatic therapy and antibiotic therapy. Complementary examinations showed fecal rotavirus positivity, anti-HIV 1 - 2 negatives, co-culture and negative Clostridium difficile screening, and presence of liquid cecum-ascending dilation on computed tomography. During the evaluation period, a deficit in conduct points and decision-making concerns was visualized in patients with acute diarrheal diseases in a hospital environment. Thus, it is concluded that some protocols performed in ADD patients, such as the use of antibiotic therapy, should be closely monitored, as well as the need for greater attention to biosecurity and, consequently, the risk of new infections in the environment. in addition to the need for data to accompany the occurrence of rotavirus in adult patients, which target not only public units, which may serve to leverage preventive methodologies.
Highlights
Rotavirus is a non-enveloped double-stranded RNA virus composed of ten groups (A-J) and several genotypes, affecting mainly gastrointestinal regions, and with lower liver, pancreas and CSF frequencies (Crawford et al, 2017)
The most important etiological agents associated with acute diarrheal diseases (ADD) in the world (Rheingans et al, 2007; WHO, 2013; Moraes and Castro, 2014)
During 1999 and 2004, Brazil verified a significant increase in the diagnosis of rotaviruses from 7.7% to over 20% of ADD with a known etiology (State of São Paulo's Health Department, 2006) but evidence related to implementation of the vaccination protocol, has shown a decline in hospitalizations and deaths in children under five years of age in the country from 2007-2009 (Carmo et al, 2011)
Summary
Rotavirus is a non-enveloped double-stranded RNA virus composed of ten groups (A-J) and several genotypes, affecting mainly gastrointestinal regions, and with lower liver, pancreas and CSF frequencies (Crawford et al, 2017). Morbidity and mortality in children, rotavirosis can occur at any age (Anderson and Weber, 2004; Façanha and Pinheiro, 2005; WHO, 2013), adult infections are often underestimated (Anderson and Weber, 2004) or possibly underreported (Façanha and Pinheiro, 2005). Associated with this fact, the non-obligatory reporting of rotavirus conditions in adults, or visits to non-sentinel health posts (BRASIL, 2019), in addition to home treatment and self-limiting character of diarrhea, may favor the concealment of actual numbers (Façanha and Pinheiro, 2005; Rheingans et al, 2007; Portela et al, 2013). With poor sanitation or health education, are closely linked to various epidemics, since the main form of spread is via the fecal-oral route (Anderson and Weber, 2004)
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