Abstract
Defying the requirements of translational periodicity in 3D, rotation of the lattice orientation within an otherwise single crystal provides a new form of solid. Such rotating lattice single (RLS) crystals are found, but only as spherulitic grains too small for systematic characterization or practical application. Here we report a novel approach to fabricate RLS crystal lines and 2D layers of unlimited dimensions via a recently discovered solid-to-solid conversion process using a laser to heat a glass to its crystallization temperature but keeping it below the melting temperature. The proof-of-concept including key characteristics of RLS crystals is demonstrated using the example of Sb2S3 crystals within the Sb-S-I model glass system for which the rotation rate depends on the direction of laser scanning relative to the orientation of initially formed seed. Lattice rotation in this new mode of crystal growth occurs upon crystallization through a well-organized dislocation/disclination structure introduced at the glass/crystal interface. Implications of RLS growth on biomineralization and spherulitic crystal growth are noted.
Highlights
Defying the requirements of translational periodicity in 3D, rotation of the lattice orientation within an otherwise single crystal provides a new form of solid
The proof-of-concept including key characteristics of rotating lattice single (RLS) crystals is demonstrated using the example of Sb2S3 crystals within the Sb-S-I model glass system for which the rotation rate depends on the direction of laser scanning relative to the orientation of initially formed seed
To demonstrate the feasibility of extensive RLS crystal two sulfide glass compositions were selected within the Sb-S-I system: congruently crystallizing Sb2S3 and non-stoichiometric 16SbI3–84Sb2S3
Summary
Defying the requirements of translational periodicity in 3D, rotation of the lattice orientation within an otherwise single crystal provides a new form of solid. The proof-of-concept including key characteristics of RLS crystals is demonstrated using the example of Sb2S3 crystals within the Sb-S-I model glass system for which the rotation rate depends on the direction of laser scanning relative to the orientation of initially formed seed Lattice rotation in this new mode of crystal growth occurs upon crystallization through a well-organized dislocation/disclination structure introduced at the glass/ crystal interface. The case of the recently reported biomineral vaterite is especially interesting and relevant[11], because it exhibits orientation changes between adjacent crystallites within a narrow range of 0 to 30° without any organic interfacial layer that often contributes to the alignment of neighboring crystallites[12,13] This is a completely unexpected result from the classical theory of crystallization by nucleation and growth, and spherulitic growth mode has been suggested to explain these observations. We demonstrate structures that are sufficiently large RLS crystals to impact the physical properties through lattice rotation
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