Abstract

FoF1-ATP synthase (FoF1) is a molecular motor protein, which synthesizes ATP coupling with clockwise rotations driven by the proton motive force (pmf) and also reversibly hydrolyzes ATP which drives anticlockwise rotations to form the electrochemical proton gradient. Extensive studies revealed the rotary catalytic mechanism of ATP-driven rotation of FoF1; however, that of pmf-driven rotation was poorly understood. Therefore, we tried to characterize the pmf-driven rotation of FoF1 by controlling the amplitudes of pmf.

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