Abstract
We sought to investigate the effect of rose petal extract (RPE) on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cancer cells. RPE significantly inhibited the growth of lung and colorectal cancer cell lines, with rapid suppression of A549 lung cancer cells at low concentrations. These effects occurred concomitantly with downregulation of the cell proliferation mediators PCNA, cyclin D1, and c-myc. In addition, RPE suppressed the migration and invasion of A549 cells by inhibiting the expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-2 and -9). We hypothesize that the suppressive activity of RPE against lung cancer cell proliferation and early metastasis occurs via the EGFR-MAPK and mTOR-Akt signaling pathways. These early results highlight the significant potency of RPE, particularly for lung cancer cells, and warrant further investigation.
Highlights
Malignant cells invade and spread to distant parts of the body due to abnormal cell growth and behavior
We assessed the effect of rose petal extract (RPE) on cancer cell proliferation by measuring cell viability following 100, 200 and 400 μg/mL treatment with RPE after 24, 48 and 72 h
We evaluated PTEN expression after RPE treatment, as it has been reported that PTEN negatively regulates cyclin D1 and c-myc expression [14]
Summary
Malignant cells invade and spread to distant parts of the body due to abnormal cell growth and behavior. According to statistics reported by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, the number of lung cancer diagnoses in 20 countries accounted for approximately 11.6%. Of total cancer cases, the mortality rate was the highest at 18.4% [1]. Methods for treating cancer include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Depending on the stage of cancer progression, combination therapies can help prevent recurrence after successful surgery, or when surgery is impossible. Chemotherapy has to date focused on synthetic chemicals, research into the development of anticancer drugs using natural compounds has attracted interest due to the potential for lower toxicity. Paclitaxel was developed from a plant of the genus Taxus and is a natural anticancer compound that suppresses cell division [2]
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