Abstract
ABSTRACT ‘BRS Vitoria’ is the most important Brazilian table grape cultivar in the domestic and foreign markets, standing out for the seedleness, pleasant flavor, high yield and mildew resistance. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of the rootstock on the yield, production components, vigor, and physical and chemical characteristics of the ‘BRS Vitória’ grape under irrigation in the Brazilian semi-arid region. The experiment was conducted over eight consecutive production cycles in the period from 2015 to 2018 in a commercial area in the Senador Nilo Coelho project, Petrolina, PE. The treatments were represented by seven rootstocks: ‘IAC 572’, ‘IAC 766’, ‘IAC 313’, ‘Harmony’, ‘SO4’, ‘Paulsen 1103’, and ‘Freedom’, using a randomized block experimental design with four replications. The results were variable among production cycles, with significant effects of the rootstock in some cycles and/or in the overall mean of the cycles. The variables of pruning weight, sprouting, bud fertility, and titratable acidity were not affected by the rootstock in any of the production cycles evaluated in this study. ‘Harmony’ rootstock promoted greater berry mass and diameter but reduced the soluble solids content. Vines of ‘BRS Vitória’ showed moderate vigor, high bud fertility and yield, satisfactory characteristics of bunch and berry, sugars and acids content that meet the requirements of the most demanding markets in all the rootstocks evaluated in this study.
Highlights
Grafting grapevines using interspecific hybrid rootstocks of wild American species has become a common practice widely disseminated throughout the world since the second half of the nineteenth century when phylloxera was introduced in France and other countries of Europe, destroying the vineyards of Vitis vinifera, a highly susceptible specie (Whiting, 2012)
Agronomic behavior of grapevine under semi arid conditions affected bu rootstocks was studied under irrigation in Chile (Ibacache; Albornoz; Zurita-Silva, 2016) and India (Satisha et al, 2010)
Plant development during the second and third production cycles was hurt by lack of uniform irrigation management within the plant rows and the occurrence of wood fungi that caused plant death and loss of plots, making evaluation and statistical analysis of some treatments impossible
Summary
Grafting grapevines using interspecific hybrid rootstocks of wild American species has become a common practice widely disseminated throughout the world since the second half of the nineteenth century when phylloxera was introduced in France and other countries of Europe, destroying the vineyards of Vitis vinifera, a highly susceptible specie (Whiting, 2012). In Brazil, grafting grapevines is a common practice, but the rootstocks used vary in affinity and compatibility between them, as well as on the interaction with the soil and climate depending on of each region (Vrisic; Pulko; Kocsis, 2015). In the Vale do São Francisco, Northeast of Brazil, grapevine rootstocks must combine characteristics such as vigor and resistance to pests, diseases, and nematodes and adapt to adverse soil conditions such as low fertility, salinity and drought (Leão; Silva, 2018). Agronomic behavior of grapevine under semi arid conditions affected bu rootstocks was studied under irrigation in Chile (Ibacache; Albornoz; Zurita-Silva, 2016) and India (Satisha et al, 2010)
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