Roots and Leaf Extracts of Dipsacus fullonum L. and Their Biological Activities.

Jan Oszmiański,Aneta Wojdyło,Piotr Juszczyk,Paulina Nowicka

doi:10.3390/plants9010078

Jan Oszmiański, Aneta Wojdyło + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9010078

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Abstract

The aim of the study was to identify and evaluate the content of iridoids and phenolic compounds in the leaves and roots of Dipsacus fullonum L. They were identified and quantified by UPLC-PDA-MS/MS. Five iridoid compounds (loganic acid, loganin, sweroside, cantleyoside, and sylvestroside III) were identified in Dipsacus fullonum L. leaves and roots. Seven phenolic acids and three flavones were identified in the leaves, and seven phenolic acids were detected in the roots. The leaves contained more iridoids and phenolic compounds than the roots. We also evaluated the antimicrobial (anti-bacterial and anti-yeast), antioxidant (ORAC methods), and antiacetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities of Dipsacus fullonum L. leaves and roots. Leaf extract demonstrated the strongest antioxidant activity, but roots showed stronger antiacetylcholinesterase activity than leaves. The study also confirmed antibacterial activity of root-derived compounds against Staphylococcus aureus DSM 799 and Escherichia coli ATCC 10536.

Highlights

With a long history of cultivation, consumption, and trade, the everlasting quest for health-promoting and disease-preventing agents in the developed world has changed people’s view of plant sources
Polyphenolic compounds such as phenolic acids and flavonoids are still among the crucial compounds exhibiting high antioxidant activity
In analyzed plant materials 15 compounds belonging to two groups were identified—monoterpenes and polyphenols

Summary

Introduction

With a long history of cultivation, consumption, and trade, the everlasting quest for health-promoting and disease-preventing agents in the developed world has changed people’s view of plant sources. Traditional medicine uses roots and leaves as they are rich in bioactive compounds and excellent sources of compounds such as triterpenes, iridoids, xanthones, carotenoids, and benzophenones [2,3,4] Polyphenolic compounds such as phenolic acids and flavonoids are still among the crucial compounds exhibiting high antioxidant activity. They are common plant secondary metabolites necessary in plant physiological processes and exerting positive effects on human health as antioxidants. Biological properties of these compounds were demonstrated in vitro and in vivo and they include antioxidant [5], antifungal, antimicrobial [6], antidiabetic [7], anti-inflammatory [5,8], antipyretic, analgesic, and immunomodulatory activity [2]

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