Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the concentration of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and substrates in the rooting of apical cuttings of Angelonia integerrima. Powder IBA was used at the concentrations 0, 500, 1,000, 2,000 and 4,000 mg kg-1, and two substrates containing carbonized rice husks (CRH) and commercial substrate based on Sphagnum peat were used. The number of rooted cuttings, shoot length, root system length, number of new leaves, root system volume, callus formation at the cutting base, and shoot and root dry matter were evaluated. The experimental design was completely randomized with a factorial design (5 IBA concentrations x 2 substrates). There were no interactions between the concentrations of IBA and the substrates. There was a difference only for the factor substrate. The cuttings presented an average rooting of 79%, with callus formation in 59.4% of them. The CRH substrate presented the highest shoot length and the highest number of new leaves. The commercial substrate resulted in a high average root volume, a large root length and a great increase in root dry matter. In the rooting by cutting of A. integerrima is not necessary to use IBA and the commercial substratum based on peat or CRH can be used.
Highlights
The genus Angelonia originates in the Neotropical region, which covers the area from central Mexico to the southern tip of South America (BOFF et al, 2014)
They were immediately transferred to multicellular polypropylene trays containing 50 cells with 100 mL volume each, which were filled by two different substrates: a) carbonized rice husk (CRH); and b) commercial substrate containing Sphagnum peat, expanded vermiculite, carbonized rice husks (CRH), dolomitic limestone, agricultural gypsum and NPK fertilizer (Carolina Soil®)
The analysis of variance showed that, for all analyzed variables, there was no interaction between indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) concentrations and the substrates tested (Table 1)
Summary
The genus Angelonia originates in the Neotropical region, which covers the area from central Mexico to the southern tip of South America (BOFF et al, 2014). The emergence of different species is not yet fully understood (PLASCHIL and OLBRICHT, 2008; GOSCH et al, 2014), with report of approximately 50 species (TROPICOS, 2018), and differences related to the shape and color of the flower, ranging between blue, violet, white and pink (GOSCH et al, 2014). Angelonia integerrima Sprengel is known by the popular name of ‘violeta-do-campo’ (field violet) or Angelonia, being an herbaceous and perennial species, up to 40 cm high, occurring in rock outcrops and stony fields. The flowers are arranged in terminal branches, with white to light lilac coloration, with some purple tint. This species has ornamental potential, as it can be cultivated in flower beds, flower boxes and pots, as well as used as a complement
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