Abstract
Superficial woody American beech roots were manipulated and left in situ for three growing seasons to evaluate seasonal influences of injury and exposure on root sprout formation. A total of 648 root segments were arranged in a 3 2 × 2 split-plot factorial experiment with three injury levels (scrape, cut, and control), two exposure levels (exposed and buried), and three seasons (summer, late fall, and spring). Analysis of variance revealed significant injury, season, exposure and interaction effects. Injured roots developed more callus, adventitious buds and sprouts than did controls. Exposure stimulated bud initiation, and spring injury resulted in higher levels of sprouting compared to late fall or summer injury.
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