Root Resorption of Adjacent Teeth Associated with Maxillary Canine Impaction in the Saudi Arabian Population: A Cross-Sectional Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study

Ahmed Mohammed Alassiry,Zaki Hakami

doi:10.3390/app12010334

Abstract

This study aimed to identify the location of root resorption in relation to an impacted maxillary canine and grade its severity using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in the Saudi Arabian population. Materials and Methods: CBCT scans of 169 patients with maxillary canine impaction were evaluated. The location and the severity of root resorption of the affected tooth in relation to the impacted maxillary canine were recorded for each patient. Results: a total 204 impacted maxillary canines caused root resorption in 218 adjacent teeth. Maximum root resorption was present in 63.3% of the apical one-third of the root and 37.6% of the palatal surfaces. There was mild root resorption in 55%, moderate in 10% and severe in 35%. There was no statistically significant difference between the gender, age, type of impaction, side of impaction, and the number, location, or degree of root resorption. Multiple logistic regression models showed significant association (p = 0.024) between gender, type of impaction, and root resorption. A significant correlation was found between the level and the surface of the root resorption (p = 0.018). Conclusion: In the Saudi population, apical one-third root levels and palatal surfaces were primarily involved in root resorption caused by impacted canines. The females with bilateral canine impaction were more likely affected by root resorption.

Highlights

Maxillary canine impaction is a common clinical finding that often is noticed during routine orthodontic observation
Maximum root resorption was present in the apical one-third (63.3%) of the affected teeth
The high image quality of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan sets permits finer detection of root resorption than computed tomography (CT) images [28]. Such is the superiority and convenience of CBCT that it has become the imaging modality of choice for detecting root resorption associated with an impacted maxillary canine

Summary

Introduction

Maxillary canine impaction is a common clinical finding that often is noticed during routine orthodontic observation. Root resorption (RR) of an adjacent tooth is an undesirable yet significant consequence of an impacted maxillary canine. Several potential radiographic predictors have been identified for the RR of teeth associated with impacted maxillary canines. These include the width of the canine and adjacent teeth, canine angulation and distance to reference planes, canine vertical relationships, canine position and overlap, dental anomalies, and canine follicle size [6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13]

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