Root length and alveolar bone level of impacted canines and adjacent teeth after orthodontic traction: a long-term evaluation.

Aldir Cordeiro da SILVA,Ana Cláudia de Castro Ferreira CONTI,Leopoldino CAPELOZZA FILHO,Anderson CAPISTRANO,Renata Rodrigues de ALMEIDA-PEDRIN,Maurício de Almeida CARDOSO

doi:10.1590/1678-77572016-0133

Aldir Cordeiro da SILVA, Ana Cláudia de Castro Ferreira CONTI

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-77572016-0133

Copy DOI

Abstract

Objective The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the long-term effects of orthodontic traction on root length and alveolar bone level in impacted canines and adjacent teeth.Material and Methods Sample consisted of 16 patients (nine males and seven females), mean initial age 11 years and 8 months presenting with unilaterally maxillary impacted canines, palatally displaced, treated with the same surgical and orthodontic approach. Teeth from the impacted-canine side were assigned as Group I (GI), and contralateral teeth as control, Group II (GII). The mean age of patients at the end of orthodontic treatment was 14 years and 2 months and the mean post-treatment time was 5 years and 11 months. Both contralateral erupted maxillary canines and adjacent teeth served as control. Root length and alveolar bone level (buccal and palatal) were evaluated on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. The comparison of root length and alveolar bone level changes between groups were assessed by applying paired t-test, at a significance level of 5% (p<0.05).Results There were no statistically significant differences in root length and buccal and palatal bone levels of canines and adjacent teeth among groups.Conclusions Impacted canine treatment by closed-eruption technique associated with canine crown perforation, has a minimal effect on root length and buccal and palatal alveolar bone level in both canine and adjacent teeth, demonstrating that this treatment protocol has a good long-term prognosis.

Highlights

Dental abnormalities are often found during the diagnosis of orthodontic patients, especially the ectopic eruptions30
It is important to highlight that failure in early diagnosing and treating the impacted tooth can result in serious damages, such as external resorption of adjacent teeth esthetic problems, reduced dental arches, and increased follicular cyst formation, that may eventually cause tooth loss and periodontal involvement9,12
In a study using periapical radiographs to evaluate patients presenting palatally displaced canines treated by means of open surgical exposure and leveling approach, the roots of impacted canines and lateral incisors were smaller than those of contralateral teeth used as control28

Summary

Introduction

Dental abnormalities are often found during the diagnosis of orthodontic patients, especially the ectopic eruptions. Disregarding the third molars, maxillary canines present the greatest prevalence of ectopic eruption, ranging from 1% to 3% depending on the studied population group5-7,13DQGVSHFL¿FDOO\ the palatal displacement is more frequent than the buccal one. The main side effect of orthodontic traction when managing ectopic canines is root resorption, which can affect canines and adjacent teeth. In a study using periapical radiographs to evaluate patients presenting palatally displaced canines treated by means of open surgical exposure and leveling approach, the roots of impacted canines and lateral incisors were smaller than those of contralateral teeth used as control

Methods

Results

Conclusion