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Abstract
Knowledge of dental anatomy through the assessment of the anatomic variations of each tooth’s root canal system is essential to undertake endodontic therapy. The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the different studies on the internal morphology of permanent mandibular incisors where Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) X-ray imaging is used. Pubmed, CENTRAL, Wiley Library and Web of Science electronic databases were searched for scientific studies included until March 2020. The terms used in the search were: “permanent mandibular incisors”, “root canal morphology” and “cone-beam computed tomography”. The search was limited to studies whose aim was the analysis of the morphology of the root canal system evaluating the parameters of methodology, population, sample, number and configuration. A total of 19 studies met the inclusion criteria. There was a noticeable lack of unanimity in the setting adjustments of each of the CBCT devices used. The presence of two root canals varied from 0.4% to 45%. The most frequent configurations were Vertucci’s Types I, III, II, V, IV, VII and VI. Type VIII configuration was non-existent. CBCT revealed the existence of anatomical symmetry patterns, and there was no unanimity of criteria regarding the presence of a second root canal. Results concerning the presence of a second root canal in the mandibular incisors differ widely, with a possible influence of the geographic area where the study was conducted. The prevalence of a second canal is higher in mandibular lateral incisors than in mandibular central incisors. There was no direct relationship between voxel size (0.125–0.3 mm) and increased prevalence of a second canal.
Highlights
The purpose of this study was to carry out a systematic review on the morphology of the root canal system in permanent mandibular incisors, assessed using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) in human clinical studies, with voxel sizes of up to 0.3 mm
For the purposes of this systematic review, articles were screened to include only human studies using CBCT. This decision was based on two reasons: first, because the marked disparity in results concerning the existence of a second root canal led to the rejection of the use of different methodologies as a potential source of bias; and secondly, because of the high number of samples included in these studies as a consequence of their being extracted from clinical databases created for other diagnostic purposes
The results showed a higher prevalence of a second canal in the lateral incisors (23.7%) than in the central incisors
Summary
Good knowledge of the rootroot canalcanal anatomy is essential for thefor success of any endodontic treatment. Good knowledge of the anatomy is essential the success of any endodontic. The development of new materials and techniques has contributed to increasing the chances of ensuring. Good knowledge of the root canal anatomy is essential for the success of any endodontic treatment. The development of new materials and techniques has contributed to increasing the good results. The development of new materials andis techniques has valuable contributed to increasing the chances of ensuring good results. Anatomical knowledge is still the most valuable toolto chances of ensuring good. Anatomical knowledge is still most valuable addressing each separate caseresults. Which materials and tools to use [1].the when it comes to addressing eachdeciding separate case and deciding which materials and tools to use tool [1].
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