Room temperature Multiferroic properties of Nd doped Ba4−xFeTi3O12 nanoparticles

Abstract

In order to develop multiferroics with large magnetization and polarization, we have prepared the Ba4−xNdxFeTi3O12, x=0.0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2 and 0.25 ceramic nanoparticles prepared through egg-white method. The dielectric properties of the samples show normal behavior and have been explained in the light of space charge polarization. The magnetic properties of the samples were improved by the introduction of Nd in the perovskite structure. The chemically modified Ba4−xNdxFeTi3O12 nanoparticles exhibit weak ferromagnetism and a typical ferroelectric hysteresis loop with a remnant polarization (Pr) of 0.243μC/cm2 and large saturation magnetization (Ms) of 1.85emu/g at room temperature. These properties entitle the grown nanoparticles of BNFT are one of the few multiferroic materials that exhibit decent magnetization and electric polarization.