Abstract
Polyaniline nanofibers (PAni NFs) were synthesized using in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization process, through varying ratios of monomer aniline (AN) and oxidant ammonium persulfate (APS), and utilized for ammonia (NH3) detection. Structure, morphology, and surface composition of as-synthesized PAni NFs was examined through X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, field-emission scanning, and transmission electron microscopy. Formation of porous interconnected network of PAni NFs of the diameter of 60–70 nm was confirmed through surface morphological analysis. Effect of varying AN/APS ratios on the gas sensing activities of PAni NFs sensors was studied towards various reducing and oxidizing gases thoroughly and discussed. The PAni NFs sensor developed using equal AN/APS ratio demonstrates excellent selectivity towards NH3 (62% response to 100 ppm) and capable to detect 1 ppm concentration of NH3 at room temperature. The interaction mechanism of the PAni NFs sensor with oxidizing and reducing gases was studied using impedance spectroscopy and discussed.
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