Abstract
Most people recognize the great importance, at least on a symbolic level, of the generation of writers, painters, architects, and philosophers that participated in the Ateneo de la Juventud,1 a society for study and lecture founded after a cycle of conferences in 1907/1908 and active until 1914, after which its members continued to participate actively in the cultural, artistic, and political life in Mexico.2 Their questioning of positivist tenets in the Escuela Nacional Preparatoria against the cientificos (a group instituted as a government faction) and their defense of lay education against the interference of conservative Catholics gained symbolic momentum as these actions preceded the revolution that ended Porfirio Diaz’s rule, which had lasted from 1884 to 1911. Because of that, the Ateneo de la Juventud has become a herald (to a great extent by its members’ own account) of the new Mexico that came into being with the Revolution, even though their relationship with the old and new regimes was ambiguous.3
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