Rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on MSDCNN in strong noise environment

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Aiming at the problems of poor noise resistance, high computational complexity and insufficient generalization performance of traditional bearing fault diagnosis methods based on deep learning, a rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on multi-scale dynamic convolutional neural network (MSDCNN) is proposed. Firstly, the one-dimensional vibration signal of the rolling bearing is converted to the frequency domain by Fourier transform, and the features are further extracted by wide convolution kernel. Secondly, a multi-scale dynamic convolution structure is proposed, and the feature information extracted by convolution kernels of different sizes is given different weights by using an improved channel attention mechanism. Then, a self-calibrating spatial attention mechanism (SCSAM) is designed, and the extracted feature information is input into the spatial attention mechanism to capture the importance of different regions. Finally, the features are further extracted by small convolution kernels, and the fault category is classified by using Softmax classifier. The fault diagnosis performance of the proposed model is verified by three different data sets. The experimental results show that compared with other intelligent models, the proposed model has higher classification accuracy, better generalization ability and stronger robustness under strong noise background.