Roles of positive or negative electrodes in the thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries: Accelerating rate calorimetry analyses with an all-inclusive microcell

Abstract

To improve the thermal stability of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) at elevated temperatures, the roles of positive or negative electrode materials in thermal runaway should be clarified. In this paper, we performed accelerating rare calorimetry analyses on two types of LIBs by using an all-inclusive microcell (AIM) method, where the AIM consists of all LIB components. We found that the thermal runaway in LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 (NCA)|LiPF6 dissolved in ethylene carbonate (EC)/diethyl carbonate solution (DEC) (EC/DEC=1/1 by volume); LiPF6(EC/DEC)|artificial graphite (AG) and LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 (NCM)|LiPF6(EC/DEC)|AG cells is brought about by different electrodes, i.e., NCA for the former, and AG for the latter. The above difference is attributed to the different oxidation temperature of the EC/DEC solvents, indicating that we first pay attention which electrodes govern the thermal runaway. Trials for improving the thermal stability of NCA are also reported.