Abstract
Objective To observe the roles of natural killer (NK) cells in fish-to-mice islet xenograft rejection.Methods Tilapia islets were harvested,and isolated with the collagenase enzyme.The BALB/c mouse diabetic model was made by intraperitoneal injection of stretopzin (STZ).Diabetic mice were divided randomly into two groups:islets transplantation (islets) group (n =18),and control (NS)group (n =12).The blood glucose levels were tested and compared after transplantation.The samples were evaluated and examined histologically by HE and immunohistochemical staining.Results Mean blood glucose levels were reduced to (9.34±3.05) and (7.80 ±2.10) mmol/L at 1 h and 12 h post-transplantation in islets transplantation group respectively,which were significantly lower than in control group (P ＜0.05).At 24 h post-transplantation,the mean blood glucose levels in islets transplantation group were increased to (28.13 ± 1.56) mmol/L,showing no significant difference in comparison to control group (P ＞0.05).At 12 h post-transplantation,the mild inflammatory response was found in islets transplantation group.The graft showed mild inflammatory cells infiltration.Only partially necrotic islet tissue was observed,whereas the majority of the islet tissue was spared.At 24 h post-transplantation,globally necrotic islet was replaced by dense eosinophilic fibrotic tissue and neutrophils.Immunocytochemical staining revealed the grafts were surrounded by fewer NKp46 immunopositive cells.The islet tissue remained intact and no inflammation process was found at anytime post-transplantation in control group.Conclusion Tilapia islet grafts transplanted into diabetic mice could decrease temporarily the blood glucose levels.The instant blood-mediated inflammatory response is the main reason to cause early islet death.NK cells seem to be involved in the rejection of islets transplantation in discordant tilapia-to-mice model. Key words: Islets xenotransplantation; Tilapia; Natural killer cell
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