Abstract
NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO) is an antioxidant flavoprotein that catalyzes the reduction of highly reactive quinone metabolites by employing NAD(P)H as an electron donor. There are two NQO enzymes—NQO1 and NQO2—in mammalian systems. In particular, NQO1 exerts many biological activities, including antioxidant activities, anti-inflammatory effects, and interactions with tumor suppressors. Moreover, several recent studies have revealed the promising roles of NQO1 in protecting against cardiovascular damage and related diseases, such as dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome. In this review, we discuss recent developments in the molecular regulation and biochemical properties of NQO1, and describe the potential beneficial roles of NQO1 in diseases associated with oxidative stress.
Highlights
In mammals, the NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO) family comprises two flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent flavoproteins: NQO1 and NQO2 [1]
NQO1 expression is increased in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) when compared with age-matched controls, and increased expression of NQO1 results in the accumulation of NQO1 in brain regions affected by AD pathology [26,141]
NQO1 plays a crucial role in quinone metabolism, facilitating the production of hydroquinones with different chemical properties to those of their maternal quinones
Summary
The NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO) family comprises two flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent flavoproteins: NQO1 and NQO2 [1]. The potential roles of NQO1 in chemoprotection have been widely reviewed [6,12,13,14,15,16], and the mechanisms and structure of NQO1 have been extensively discussed [6,11,17,18]. Life 2021, 11, 1301 recent studies have demonstrated the promising roles of NQO1 in protecting against cardiac and vascular well asdiseases related such diseases such as dyslipidemia, atherosclerovascular damage, damage, as well asasrelated as dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, insulin sis, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome [1,6,19].
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