Abstract
Gelatin, a natural polymer, provides excellent tissue compatibility for use in tissue rehabilitation. Bioactive glasses (BAG) offer superior capacity in stimulating a bioactive response but show high variability in uptake and solubility. To tackle these drawbacks, a combination of gelatin with BAG is proposed to form composites, which then offer a synergistic response. The cross-linked gelatin structure’s mechanical properties are enhanced by the incorporation of the inorganic BAG, and the rate of BAG ionic supplementation responsible for bioactivity and regenerative potential is better controlled by a protective gelatin layer. Several studies have demonstrated the cellular benefits of these composites in different forms of functional modification such as doping with zinc or incorporation of zinc such as ions directly into the BAG matrix. This review presents a comprehensive perspective on the individual characteristics of BAG and gelatin, including the synthesis and mechanism of action. Further, adaptation of the composite into various applications for bone tissue engineering is discussed and future challenges are highlighted.
Highlights
Chronic inflammatory disease leads to breakdown of the periodontal apparatus, which forms a vital component of the masticatory apparatus [1]
Raz et al [47] reported a method for the synthesis of Zn containing Bioactive glasses (BAG) and for preparing the composite with gelatin to synthesize the scaffold in bone tissue engineering
Zn-doped bioactive glass (ZBG) have shown promising developments in recent years; they have positive effects on wound healing by accelerating the return to hemostasis, reducing localized inflammation, and stimulating the anabolic activities of epithelial and osteoblast lineage cells in soft and hard tissue. These effects are maximized with controlled delivery, pushing the boundaries of biomedical research to develop a functional and accessible modality for the application of ZBG
Summary
Chronic inflammatory disease leads to breakdown of the periodontal apparatus, which forms a vital component of the masticatory apparatus [1]. Permanent periodic therapy and patient compliance are critical for the long-term success of such treatments. Factors such as the host immune response are significant to achieve the targeted outcome. With concern to tissue regeneration and healing, the desired response is of a sustained low dose over a long period of time in contrast to an early sharp peak following a bolus dose [6]. These concerns have been mitigated to some extent by the use of gelatin coatings or encapsulation of the BAG. We briefly review the synthesis process and the applications outlined in the literature for gelatinBAG combination
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