Abstract
We performed molecular dynamics simulations of the high voltage pulse explosion of single aluminum wires with the energy ratio of 0.6 in vacuum and studied the role of wire radial dimension. Simulation results show that large-diameter wires having a large material depth and a small specific surface can maintain a higher deposition energy density and effectively reduce the influence of the radial difference in thermodynamic parameters, leading to higher explosion velocity and a lower vaporization rate in the large-diameter wire. The most significant effect is that the larger diameter wire has a longer explosion development time. In addition, the propagation and reflection of the rarefaction waves in the wire result in two explosion regimes: the spinodal decomposition propagating inward from the surface and the cavitation boiling from the center to the surface. Increasing the diameter will increase the domination range of the spinodal decomposition mechanism.
Highlights
Metal powder preparation technology by the high voltage pulse/electrical explosion of metal wires (EEW)[1,2,3,4] has the advantages of high energy conversion rate, fine particle size, and higher reactivity,[5] so it is a promising method for metal powder preparation
In order to understand the development of the exploding wire along the radial directions, we tracked the evolution of the pressure, temperature, density, and radial expansion in case 2
The general characteristics of the development of thermodynamic parameters of aluminum wire explosions along the radial direction are discussed, and a series of phenomena caused by the change in diameter are studied
Summary
Metal powder preparation technology by the high voltage pulse/electrical explosion of metal wires (EEW)[1,2,3,4] has the advantages of high energy conversion rate, fine particle size, and higher reactivity,[5] so it is a promising method for metal powder preparation. It is noted that exploding metal wires would experience various regimes, such as continuous surface evaporation,[6] mechanical fragmentation,[7,8] phase explosion,[9,10] and supercritical explosion,[8,10] depending on the situation of energy deposition. The latter two methods are often used to prepare nanoparticles. Phase explosions decompose the melted material into liquid drops by cavitation and dissociation, while the supercritical explosion forms a uniform gas–liquid mixture through spinodal decomposition. Size analysis showed that primary particles formed by phase explosions are larger, and supercritical explosions produce fine and uniform primary particles.[10]
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