Role of Wheat Based Diet on the Pathology of Necrotic Enteritis in Turkeys.

Sajid Umar,Muhammad Younus,Muhammad Tanveer Munir,Kiran Aqil,Aqsa Mushtaq,Rizwan Qayyum,Muhammad Shahzad,Muhammad Ali Abdullah Shah

doi:10.1155/2016/4381067

Abstract

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of wheat based diet on the pathology of necrotic enteritis in turkeys. Turkeys were divided into four groups. Groups A and B were kept as noninoculated and fed normal commercial diet while groups C and D were challenged orally with C. perfringens and fed wheat based diet to promote the development of experimental disease. Infected turkeys showed clinical signs of depression, ruffled feathers, and dark yellowish faeces showing the most prominent disease signs in turkeys of group D with 30% mortality. Similarly, turkeys of group D showed more striking gross and histopathologic lesions as compared to turkeys of group C. The most severe gross lesions comprised intestinal distension, small necrotic spots and haemorrhages on intestine, fragile intestinal wall, and gas bubble formation in the small intestine. Histologically, inoculated turkeys showed patchy necrosis, desquamation of intestinal epithelium, and intense leukocyte infiltration in the intestine. Microscopic examination showed significant decrease in the height of intestinal villi of inoculated birds. Haematological studies showed significant influence of necrotic enteritis on the blood profile of turkeys in group D. The findings revealed that simultaneous feeding of wheat enhanced the pathology of necrotic enteritis in turkeys.

Highlights

The findings revealed that simultaneous feeding of wheat enhanced the pathology of necrotic enteritis in turkeys
Enteric diseases are an important concern to the poultry industry because of production losses, increased mortality, Rreduced welfare of birds, and increased risk of contaminaassociated with the prohibition of antibiotic growth promoters in commercial poultry production is the increase in intestinal infectious diseases, such as necrotic enteritis, coccidiosis, and cryptosporidiosis [4, 5]
Necrotic hindered by the difficulty of experimentally reproducing enteritis is a major disease of poultry caused by infection necrotic enteritis by C. perfringens infection alone [6,7,8]

Summary

Introduction

Enteric diseases are an important concern to the poultry industry because of production losses, increased mortality, Rreduced welfare of birds, and increased risk of contaminaassociated with the prohibition of antibiotic growth promoters in commercial poultry production is the increase in intestinal infectious diseases, such as necrotic enteritis, coccidiosis, and cryptosporidiosis [4, 5]. Necrotic enteritis is widespread Predisposition to experimental disease has been achieved by in broilers, imposing a significant economic burden on the a high protein diet, high amount of water-soluble indigestible poultry industry worldwide. Necrotic promoters is being reduced because of concern for the spread enteritis losses increased to approximately US$6 billion in of antimicrobial resistance. The size of the feed particles influences the proliferation rate of C. perfringens in the intestine and can predispose poultry to necrotic enteritis. Large amounts of animal-origin protein and calcium in the diet predispose poultry to necrotic enteritis. Increased incidences of necrotic enteritis with wheat based diets are well established in broilers [16]. The present study was performed to determine the effects of diet manipulation on the pathology of necrotic enteritis in turkey model

Materials and Methods

Results

E Intestinal content consists of foul submucosa of small intestine

E Groups