Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter reviews the evidence that relates regional ischemic damage to focal alterations in hemodynamics. The pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia is influenced by a variety of factors, both extrinsic and intrinsic. Among the extrinsic factors, blood flow is an important determinant of the location as well as the degree of ischemic injury. Hypoperfusion triggers the initial cellular changes that lead to irreversible damage if the flow is not restored promptly. Even if the tissue is recirculated following a period of ischemia, there may be secondary impairments in the flow that influence the pathophysiology. The chapter presents the evidence that pertains to the vascular determinants of ischemic injury, with an emphasis on regional aspects. The chapter explains that in several models of incomplete cerebral ischemia (oligemia), the reduction of blood flow is uniform in many regions of the brain.
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