Year-end Sale % OFF 
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a well-known angiogenic factor that plays a critical role in various physiological and pathological processes. VEGF also contributes to the process of embryo implantation by enhancing embryo development, improving endometrial receptivity, and facilitating the interactions between the developing embryo and the endometrium. There is a correlation between the alteration of VEGF expression and reproductive failure, including recurrent implantation failure (RIF) and recurrent miscarriage (RM). In order to clarify the role of VEGF in embryo implantation, we reviewed recent literature concerning the expression and function of VEGF in the reproductive system around the time of embryo implantation and we provide a summary of the findings reported so far. We also explored the effects and the possible underlying mechanisms of action of VEGF in embryo implantation.
Highlights
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a multi-functional factor primarily involved in the regulation of proliferation, differentiation and survival of endothelial cells as well as in vascular permeability [1]
The results demonstrated that, during mid-late secretory phase, the expression of VEGF-A in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), endothelial cells (ECs), and glandular epithelial cells was decreased, while the expression of VEGFR-1 in stromal cells, VSMCs, ECs, and glandular epithelial cells was increased in recurrent miscarriage (RM) patients
This study showed a decreased expression of VEGFR-2 in VSMCs and stromal cells, an increased expression of VEGFR-3 in glandular epithelial cells, and a greater proportion of mature vessels in the endometrium around the time of embryo implantation in women with RM
Summary
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a multi-functional factor primarily involved in the regulation of proliferation, differentiation and survival of endothelial cells as well as in vascular permeability [1]. VEGF-B is more involved in the growth, differentiation, and survival of certain types of cells [6,7], while VEGF-C and VEGF-D are primarily implicated in lymphangiogenesis [8,9]. VEGFR-2, which has the strongest pro-angiogenic activity, is mainly expressed in vascular endothelial cells and can bind to VEGF [2]. With a higher affinity but lower kinase activity, VEGFR-1 acts more. Through binding with VEGF-C or VEGF-D, VEGFR-3 transduces signals for lymphangiogenesis [2] In addition to these three tyrosine kinase receptors, VEGF can bind to neuropilins which act as co-receptors [24]. We explored the effects and the possible underlying mechanisms of action of VEGF in embryo implantation
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
