Role of Ultrasound Guided Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in Intra-abdominal lesion

Abstract

Introduction: All of the imaging techniques have advantages and disadvantage in various parts of the body. In intraabdominal lesion ultrasonography guided FNAC has advantage over computerised tomography guided FNAC because CT is very costly and not freely available. CT gives high dose of radiation and therefore should not be used in pregnant women and in small children whereas ultrasonography has no radiation effects and hence can be safely used in these cases. Mobile version of CT is not available and therefore it cannot be used in faraway places whereas ultrasonography machine is mobile. Thus, with localization by ultrasonography diagnosis of the malignancy and staging can be accomplished through FNAC. Method: Total of 100 cases who came for FNAC of intraabdominal masseswere included in the study, irrespective of their age, sex or possible nature of mass. Ultrasound guided Fine needle aspiration was done in all.The aim of the present study was to assess the feasibility of ultrasound guided Fine needle aspiration cytology of routine procedure for detection of abdominal lesion. Result: Total of 100 cases were studied. In the 80(80%) cases, aspirates were positive for malignancy and in 17(17%) cases were negative for malignancy. There were 3% false negative cases encountered. There were no false positive cases. Ultrasound was used for mass localization. In 80 positive cases of malignancy, 36 cases from liver, 10 from lymph node, 7 from gall bladder, 6 from stomach, 6 from ovary, 3 from urinary bladder, 1 from pancreas, I from uterus, 3 from miscellaneous sites. Conclusion: Percutaneous fine needle aspiration cytology is reliable method of diagnosing the various pathological lesions of abdomen. Its diagnostic accuracy is further increased when performed under Radiological guidance. Of all modalities of guidance at present is the most suitable.