Role of Total Joint Replacement in the Management of Chronic TMJ Dislocation

Abstract

Temporomandibular joint dislocation can be acute, chronic, or recurrent. Chronic or long-standing dislocation is rarely encountered and can require difficult and invasive surgical intervention to manage successfully. Management of chronic dislocation can include closed reduction, arthrotomy with open reduction, eminectomy, coronoidectomy, or condylectomy. Alloplastic reconstruction of the temporomandibular joint may allow for more predicable outcomes in the management of irreducible chronic dislocation. A managed case of chronic temporomandibular joint dislocation is presented in this chapter, and the literature is reviewed. The case described illustrates the importance of early recognition and treatment of temporomandibular joint dislocation. Relevant clinical and radiographic findings are discussed. It is important to remember that failure to promptly identify and treat a dislocation can lead to significant patient morbidity, increased difficulty in management, and long-term temporomandibular joint dysfunction.