Abstract
The G-protein coupled bile acid receptor TGR5 (GPBAR1) is expressed in biliary epithelial cells of the liver as well as epithelial cell of the intestine. Receptor activation induces proliferation and anti-apoptotic effects in liver but in the intestine its function is relatively unclear. It was shown that secondary bile acids (BA) are involved in the development of different gastrointestinal (GI) malignant tumors of the intestine and liver. High TGR5 expression levels were detected in cell lines generated from adenocarcinomas of the esophagus and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Interestingly, high concentrations of secondary BAs (DCA and LCA) were found in faeces of colon cancer patients. Since these two secondary BAs represent potent TGR5 ligands, aim of this project is to uncover the role of TGR5 in GI tumor formation with a main focus on colon cancer and CCA.
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