Abstract
Simple SummaryThe expression of SOX proteins has been demonstrated in many tissues at various stages of embryogenesis, where they play the role of transcription factors. The SOX18 protein (along with SOX7 and SOX17) belongs to the SOXF group and is mainly involved in the development of the cardiovascular system, where its expression was found in the endothelium. SOX18 expression was also demonstrated in neoplastic lines of gastric, pancreatic and colon adenocarcinomas. The prognostic role of SOX30 expression has only been studied in lung adenocarcinomas, where a low expression of this factor in the stromal tumor was associated with a worse prognosis for patients. Because of the complexity of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development, the role of the SOX proteins in this malignancy is still not fully understood. Many recently published papers show that SOX family protein members play a crucial role in the progression of NSCLC.The SOX family proteins are proved to play a crucial role in the development of the lymphatic ducts and the cardiovascular system. Moreover, an increased expression level of the SOX18 protein has been found in many malignances, such as melanoma, stomach, pancreatic breast and lung cancers. Another SOX family protein, the SOX30 transcription factor, is responsible for the development of male germ cells. Additionally, recent studies have shown its proapoptotic character in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Our preliminary studies showed a disparity in the amount of mRNA of the SOX18 gene relative to the amount of protein. This is why our attention has been focused on microRNA (miRNA) molecules, which could regulate the SOX18 gene transcript level. Recent data point to the fact that, in practically all types of cancer, hundreds of genes exhibit an abnormal methylation, covering around 5–10% of the thousands of CpG islands present in the promoter sequences, which in normal cells should not be methylated from the moment the embryo finishes its development. It has been demonstrated that in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases there is a large heterogeneity of the methylation process. The role of the SOX18 and SOX30 expression in non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) is not yet fully understood. However, if we take into account previous reports, these proteins may be important factors in the development and progression of these malignancies.
Highlights
Lung Cancer ClassificationUnderstanding the molecular mechanism of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC)’ initiation, promotion and progression processes are the main focus of many researchers worldwide
Since adenocarcinoma and squamous-cell lung carcinoma are the two most common types of NSCLC, we have focused our attention on these types of tumors
Main disadvantage of using standard chemotherapy is the selectivity in cases, relation to cancerThe cells, because the substances used in the chemotherapy is the low selectivity in relation to cancer cells, because the substances used in the treatment of lung cancer are harmful for healthy, unchanged body cells
Summary
It has been proved that the SOX family proteins (SRY-related High Mobility Group (HMG)-box) play a crucial role in the development of the lymphatic ducts and the cardiovascular system. It has been recently studied that the SOX18 protein can be involved in wound healing processes and arteriosclerosis disease progression. SOX18 correlates with the degree of malignancy and the proliferation status Another SOX family protein, the SOX30 transcription factor, is responsible for the development of male germ cells. If we take into account previous reports, these proteins may be important factors in the development and progression of NSCLCs. Our preliminary studies showed a disparity in the amount of mRNA of the SOX18 gene relative to the amount of protein. We have been able to identify two miRNA molecules that may be involved in this process: miR-7a and miR-24-3p The fact that their expression level in malignant tumors is altered may be used both in the diagnosis and the treatment of non-small-cell lung carcinomas.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
