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Abstract
Zinc doped tin oxide (ZTO) films were deposited from starting solutions having different solvent volumes (10, 20 … 50 mL), using a simplified spray pyrolysis technique. The effects of solvent volume on the structural, electrical, optical and surface morphological properties were investigated. From the structural studies, it is observed that the preferential orientation is along the (200) plane for lower solvent volumes and it turns in favour of (101) plane for the higher solvent volume levels (40 and 50 mL), indicating the stable p-type conductivity. Electrical studies show that the sheet resistance (Rsh) increases as the solvent volume increases. The minimum sheet resistance (4.32 kΩ/sq.) is obtained in the case of minimum solvent volume (10 mL). The Hall measurements reveal that the type inversion takes place beyond 30 mL of solvent volume. The optical transmittance increases as the solvent volume is increased and it is found to be in the range of 80–95 %.
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