Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the role of serum EBV‐VCA IgG in assessing gastric cancer (GC) risk and prognosis. A total of 1790 Northern Chinese participants with pathologically confirmed disease underwent EBV‐VCA IgG serologic testing using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), including 821 controls, 410 atrophic gastritis (AG) patients, and 559 GC patients. We found that positive EBV‐VCA IgG was significantly associated with GC and its precursor, conferring a 1.55‐ and 1.36‐fold increased risk of GC and AG, respectively (P = 0.001, 95% CI = 1.21‐1.99; P = 0.011, 95% CI = 1.07‐1.72, respectively). The risk effects were more remarkable in younger, female, and Helicobacter pylori‐negative individuals than in older, male, and H. pylori‐positive individuals. EBV‐VCA IgG‐positive subjects had a lower PGI/II ratio than EBV‐VCA IgG‐negative subjects (median 8.0 vs 8.8, P = 0.001), especially those in the H. pylori‐positive (median 6.1 vs 6.8, P = 0.027) and GC subgroups (median 6.4 vs 7.9, P = 0.020). In the intestinal GC subgroup, the survival of EBV‐VCA IgG‐positive patients was worse than that of EBV‐VCA IgG‐negative patients (P = 0.041, HR = 2.45, 95% CI = 1.04‐5.78). Our study suggests that EBV‐VCA IgG seropositivity has potential in predicting the risk of GC and its precursor as well as the prognosis of histologically classified GC.
Highlights
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide and the third leading cause of cancer‐related death.[1,2] As a complex disease, gastric carcinogenesis is characterized by a multistage process affected by multiple factors
To explore the association between serum Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV)‐viral capsid antigen (VCA) IgG and GC clinicopathological parameters, GC patients were grouped by tumor location, macroscopic type, Lauren classification, TNM stage, growth pattern, depth of invasion, lymphatic metastasis, lymphovascular invasion, etc The results showed that serum EBV‐VCA IgG seropositivity was associated with the depth of invasion (P < 0.001)
We explored the relationship of serum EBV‐VCA IgG with serum gastric function indicators, clinicopathological parameters, and the prognosis of GC patients
Summary
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide and the third leading cause of cancer‐related death.[1,2] As a complex disease, gastric carcinogenesis is characterized by a multistage process affected by multiple factors. Correa P has suggested that GC initiation and progression follow the cascade of superficial gastritis (SG)–atrophic gastritis (AG)– intestinal metaplasia (IM)–gastric dysplasia (GD)–GC.[3] The susceptibility of individuals to GC is significantly elevated under precancerous conditions (AG, IM, and GD) It would be greatly beneficial for GC prevention and treatment to identify individuals at high risk of GC and block the progression of precancerous diseases. EBV belongs to the γ‐Herpes virus family, called Herpesvirus 4, a human lymphocytic virus.[4,5] EBV infection is closely We conducted a population epidemiological survey and case–control study of Northern Chinese individuals to explore the association between EBV‐VCA IgG, which is an important component reflecting EBV infection, and prognosis as well as serum gastric function indicators, aiming to provide clues for the role of serum EBV‐VCA IgG in the prediction of GC risk and prognosis
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