Role of Secreted Frizzled-related Protein 1 (SFRP1) in Wound Healing

Abstract

Wound healing is a complex cascade of events, which diminishes the size of the wound and reestablishes tissue integrity. Secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) contributes to the inhibition of apoptosis in fibroblast populations. We investigated the role of SFRP1 in a mouse wound-healing model; 2.0-mm excisional wounds were created in the scalp and hard palate. Healing responses were measured by histomorphometric analysis, apoptosis assay, and immunohistochemistry. Dermal wounds did not harbor SFRP1, but healed faster than palatal wounds which expressed significant levels of SFRP1. Antibody experiments aimed at blocking SFRP1 in palatal wounds resulted in promotion of wound closure, enhancement of new tissue formation, decrease of inflammatory cell infiltrate, and increase of apoptotic fibroblasts. Analysis of the present data suggests that SFRP1 may be partly responsible for the poorer healing performance of the palatal wounds compared with dermal wounds. Blocking SFRP1 results in improvement of palatal healing outcomes.