Abstract
We present a phenomenological extraction of transversity distribution functions and Collins fragmentation functions by simultaneously fitting to semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering and electron-positron annihilation data. The analysis is performed within the transverse-momentum-dependent factorization formalism, and sea quark transversity distributions are taken into account for the first time. We find the u¯ quark favors a negative transversity distribution, while that of the d¯ quark is consistent with zero according to the current accuracy. In addition, based on a combined analysis of world data and simulated data, we quantitatively demonstrate the impact of the proposed Electron-Ion Collider in China on precise determinations of the transversity distributions, especially for sea quarks, and the Collins fragmentation functions. Published by the American Physical Society 2024
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