Abstract
Spatial as well as spectral resolution has a very important role to play in water resource management. It was a challenge to explore the groundwater and rainwater harvesting sites in the Aravalli Quartzite-Granite-Pegmatite Precambrian terrain of Delhi, India. Use of only panchromatic sensor data of IRS-1D satellite with 5.8-meter spatial resolution has the potential to infer lineaments and faults in this hard rock area. It is essential to identify the location of interconnected lineaments below buried pediment plains in the hard rock area for targeting sub-surface water resources. Linear Image Self Scanning sensor data of the same satellite with 23.5-meter resolution when merged with the panchromatic data has produced very good results in delineation of interconnected lineaments over buried pediment plains as vegetation anomaly. These specific locations of vegetation anomaly were detected as dark red patches in various hard rock areas of Delhi. Field investigation was carried out on these patches by resistivity and magnetic survey in parts of Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), Indira Gandhi national Open University, Research and Referral Hospital and Humayuns Tomb areas. Drilling was carried out in four locations of JNU that proved to be the most potential site with ground water discharge ranging from 20,000 to 30,000 liters per hour with 2 to 4 meters draw down. Further the impact of urbanization on groundwater recharging in the terrain was studied by generating Normalized difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) map which was possible to generate by using the LISS-III sensor of IRS-1D satellite. Selection of suitable sensors has definitely a cutting edge on natural resource exploration and management including groundwater.
Highlights
In view of the scarcity of piped water in the city of Delhi increasingly the dependence for nondrinking requirements has been on groundwater availability
Remote sensing data are helpful in the studies changes in land use patterns, which are located in the recharge areas of elevated parts of Aravalli hill region [1, 9]
From 1996 to 2006 four rainfall cycles were identified each year in Delhi ridge area and their effects of recharging to groundwater regime were observed in sixteen piezometers in Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) campus, tapping shallow and deep aquifers
Summary
In view of the scarcity of piped water in the city of Delhi increasingly the dependence for nondrinking requirements has been on groundwater availability. Information on the existing land use pattern, the spatial distribution and its changes is required for planning, utilization and formulation of policies and programs for sustainable development [3, 5, 6, and 7]. Remote sensing data are helpful in the studies changes in land use patterns, which are located in the recharge areas of elevated parts of Aravalli hill region [1, 9]. It is essential to identify suitable location in this area by using multisensor satellite data for groundwater replenishment [4]. Multispectral and multitemporal data from SPOT, IRS- 1A, IRS- 1B and IRS -1C when integrated with Land use, Geological, Geomorphologic, Hydro-geological and magnetic data have potentiality for identification of suitable areas for construction of check dams [10]. Interception of surface runoff by check dams across drainage at appropriate locations is one method for artificial recharge
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