Role of Salivary Biomarkers in Cystic Fibrosis: A Systematic Review.

Asma Almeslet,Sarah Alnamlah,Rawan Aldriwesh,Latifa Alanzan,Sha’Eah Alwehaiby,Dorota Formanowicz

doi:10.1155/2022/5818840

Abstract

Background Saliva biomarkers could be easily used as a noninvasive alternative tool for diagnosing cystic fibrosis (CF) disease. In this study, the significance of changes in salivary compositions in patients with CF was systematically reviewed. Methods An electronic search was utilized to include studies published in English, with case-control, cohort, or cross-sectional design. The evaluated salivary components were extracted and summarized. The included studies were assessed using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklist. Results Out of 498 identified studies, nine met the eligibility criteria. Salivary electrolytes showed a substantial alteration in the CF group, especially with chloride and sodium. Total protein concentration was higher in patients with CF. However, SCN– concentration was lower in patients with CF. In addition, a reduction in the salivary flow rate and amylase levels was found in patients with CF. Conclusion Alterations in salivary biomarkers among patients with CF could be used as a promising diagnostic tool for cystic fibrosis.

Highlights

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-limiting, multisystem autosomal recessive genetic disorder with a wide range of clinical and genetic variants [1]
cystic fibrosis (CF) most commonly affects Caucasians, with 70,000 people diagnosed worldwide [2]. It is caused by gene mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) on the long arm of chromosome 7 that contributes to an abnormal chloride and sodium transportation across the epithelial cell membrane
Patients with CF were higher than the control group in one study [5], but this characteristic was unclear in the study by Minarowski et al [21]

Summary

Introduction

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-limiting, multisystem autosomal recessive genetic disorder with a wide range of clinical and genetic variants [1]. CF most commonly affects Caucasians, with 70,000 people diagnosed worldwide [2] It is caused by gene mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) on the long arm of chromosome 7 that contributes to an abnormal chloride and sodium transportation across the epithelial cell membrane. As a result, this alteration affects hydration and mucociliary transport within exocrine glands, including the salivary glands [3]. The significance of changes in salivary compositions in patients with CF was systematically reviewed. Alterations in salivary biomarkers among patients with CF could be used as a promising diagnostic tool for cystic fibrosis

Methods

Results

Conclusion