Abstract
The uniqueness of nuclear medicine lies in its ability to depict and quantitate biochemistry, rather than measure fixed anatomic properties. As a result, research has emphasized tracers that predominantly measure biochemistry. There are an abundance of radionuclides to choose from for either positron emission tomographic (PET) or single photon emission computed tomographic (SPECT) applications. For PET imaging, there are the shorter-rived radionuclides, such as fluorine-18, carbon-11, nitrogen-13, and oxygen-15; the longer-lived organic radionuclides, such as bromine-76 and iodine-124; or the longer-lived metal radionuclides, such as copper-61, copper-64, yttrium-86, and gallium-66. There is an abundance of literature describing the use of biologic molecules labeled with both organic and metal radionuclides for imaging a number of biochemical processes, including blood flow, capillary permeability, hypoxia, receptor and antigen bindlng, and enzyme activity. A key advantage of nuclear medicine is its ability to image a wide variety of biologic processes with nonpharmacologic amounts of the radiolabeled
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