Role of PPARG (Pro12Ala) in Malaysian type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Abstract

Diabetes is one of the major lifestyle disorders in the world. Asian countries, including Malaysia, contribute with more than 60 % of the world’s diabetic population. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) have been identified as one of the key regulators of glucose and lipid metabolism that controls the protein synthesis in multiple metabolic, biochemical, and molecular pathways. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible role of PPARG (Pro12Ala) gene polymorphism as a genetic risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Malaysian population. A total of 241 subjects between the age of 35 and 85 years were recruited in this study. Out of the total 241 subjects, 120 were T2DM patients and 121 were healthy individuals. SNP of PPARG (Pro12Ala) was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). The frequencies of wild homozygote (WH), heterozygote (H), and mutant homozygote (MH) among the T2DM patients were (n = 73) 60.8 %, (n = 39) 32.5 %, and (n = 3) 2.5 % compared to (n = 57) 47 %, (n = 46) 38 %, and (n = 16) 13.2 % among the healthy subjects. The mean of Hba1C (%) among normal and diabetic patients with genotypes were different (5.36 ± 0.54 vs 7.58 ± 1.76), p < 0.005. SNP of PPARG (Pro12Ala) gene could be a genetic risk factor for insulin resistance and T2DM among Malaysian population.