Role of Platelet Indices for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Premenopausal Females with Metabolic Syndrome

Abstract

Objectives: The study aimed to estimate platelet indices in premenopausal females with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the prevalence of individual risk factors of MetS and their association with platelet indices. Materials and Methods: It was a hospital-based, cross-sectional, and observational study conducted for a period of 3 months with the 130 premenopausal females with MetS. The collected data comprised clinical profile, hematological parameters, fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum creatinine, and lipid profile and were subjected to statistical analysis with P < 0.05 as level of significance. Results: The mean age of the participants was 39.95 ± 3.44 years. Substance abuse of tobacco and alcohol was present in 9.23% and 5.37% of participants. Salt intake more than 5 g/day was confirmed by majority (86.15%). Waist circumference >80 centimeters (cm) was noted in 64.61% of participants. Body mass index in range of 25–29.9 kilograms (kg)/m2 and 30–40 kg/m2 was observed in 36.92% and 60.77%, respectively. Diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN) had prevalence of 86.92% and 30% of participants, respectively. FBG ≥100 mg/dL was observed in 43.84% participants. The participants with DM, HTN, and hyperlipidemia showed the highest mean platelet volume (MPV) value. Patients with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) >6.5% exhibited statistically significantly higher values of platelet distribution width, MPV, and platelet–large cell ratio. Platelet indices exhibited significant positive correlation with HbA1C, FBG, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and negative correlation with high-density lipoprotein. Conclusion: The present study highlighted the high prevalence of components associated with MetS, notably hyperglycemia, HTN, and obesity. The study also elucidated the substantial impact of DM, HTN, and hyperlipidemia on platelet indices.