Abstract
Accumulating evidences have documented that angiogenesis is closely linked to inflammation and regulators of angiogenesis play key roles in various inflammatory conditions. PlGF is an angiogenic protein belonging to the VEGF family and is upregulated mainly in pathologic conditions. Recently, PlGF was discovered having a proinflammatory role in inflammatory arthritis and its serum level drew attention not only as a useful surrogate biomarker but also a potential therapeutic target in atherosclerosis and various cancers. Particularly, PlGF has attractive clinical values because endogenous PlGF is redundant for vascular development and physiological vessel maintenance in healthy adults. However, there have been conflicting results about the efficacy of PlGF inhibition depending on the experimental and clinical settings. Further close investigations for resolving the puzzle of PlGF biology are required.
Highlights
Inflammation is a complex set of interaction between soluble factors and cells that can arise in any tissue in response to traumatic, infectious, postischemic, toxic or autoimmune injuries
We discuss the distinctive role of placenta growth factor (PlGF) in the mediation of angiogenic and inflammatory signaling in cancer and atherosclerosis, in which inflammation plays a key role as a positive or negative regulator, and rheumatoid arthritis, a representative of chronic inflammatory diseases
PlGF lies dormant in the normal healthy state and becomes active in the presence of pathologic conditions, such as, those associated with chronic inflammatory diseases
Summary
Inflammation is a complex set of interaction between soluble factors and cells that can arise in any tissue in response to traumatic, infectious, postischemic, toxic or autoimmune injuries. We discuss the distinctive role of PlGF in the mediation of angiogenic and inflammatory signaling in cancer and atherosclerosis, in which inflammation plays a key role as a positive or negative regulator, and rheumatoid arthritis, a representative of chronic inflammatory diseases.
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