Abstract
Nurses are exposed to many highly stressful events. Individual variables, such as personality and affective state, have been related to vulnerability to maladaptive coping. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to analyze the relationships between the personality, positive and negative affects, and coping strategies of nurses and to establish the mediating role of affective state in the relationship between personality and coping. The sample was made up of 1,268 Spanish nurses aged 22–63 years who completed the Coping Strategies Inventory, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and the 10-item Big Five Inventory. Descriptive analyses, correlations, and mediation models were estimated. The results showed relationships between the Big Five personality factors, positive and negative affects, and coping strategies. Negative affect was confirmed as a mediator between personality and less adaptive strategies and positive affect was confirmed on positive strategies. This study emphasizes the need to develop actions directed at teaching nurses adequate problem-solving strategies and training them in the ability to assign a different emotional value to complex situations.
Highlights
In spite of the importance of wellbeing of healthcare professionals in ensuring quality care and patient safety (Hall et al, 2016), this group is habitually exposed to highly stressful situations (Pérez-Fuentes et al, 2019a; Tirado et al, 2019; Wijn and van der Doef, 2020)
The Bayes factor for negative affect-extroversion was (BF−0 = 1.802, 95% CI = −0.126, −0.019), which indicates that the data are 1.8 times more likely under the alternative hypothesis that expresses the existence of a negative correlation than under the null hypothesis
In agreement with the literature (Hall et al, 2016; Hengartner et al, 2017), positive relationships were found between positive affect and all the Big Five Model traits except neuroticism, with which it shows a negative association, while the relationship of negative affect with the personality factors was the contrary
Summary
In spite of the importance of wellbeing of healthcare professionals in ensuring quality care and patient safety (Hall et al, 2016), this group is habitually exposed to highly stressful situations (Pérez-Fuentes et al, 2019a; Tirado et al, 2019; Wijn and van der Doef, 2020). This generates special vulnerability in nurses to develop burnout (Molero et al, 2018a,b), depression, and negative moods (Schürmann and Magraf, 2018; Veiga et al, 2019). In addition to poor general health, passive coping has been related to low control and scant job support (Schreuder et al, 2012)
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