Abstract
Objectives: Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) has been considered the most effective treatment for IgE mediated allergies, especially respiratory allergies. Several biomarkers have been developed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of AIT, yet none of them have been thoroughly validated. So our objective here is to investigate the usefulness of periostin as a biomaker for monitoring the efficacy of allergen immunotherapy. Materials and methods: This study included 46 healthy non-atopic volunteers and 46 patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). They were sensitized only to date palm pollen. The participants were tested by skin prick test and total serum IgE levels were measured. Serum samples were collected from healthy subjects and allergic patients before and after the one-year AIT. Serum levels of periostin, eotaxin, and sIL-2R were estimated by ELISA. Symptom scores in the allergic patients were also evaluated before and after completing one year AIT. Results: There is a significant increase in serum levels of IgE, periostin, sIL-2R, and eotaxin in allergic patients as compared to healthy controls. Symptom scores, sIL-2R and serum periostin levels were significantly decreased after one-year AIT in AR patients. Conclusion: Periostin can be used as a biomarker to evaluate AIT efficacy in AR patients. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 21(1) 2022 Page : 184-190
Highlights
Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is the most effective treatment for immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated diseases, especially allergic rhinitis (AR), and asthma[1]
There is a significant increase in serum levels of IgE, periostin, soluble form of interleukin 2 receptor (sIL-2R), and eotaxin in allergic patients as compared to healthy controls
SIL-2R and serum periostin levels were significantly decreased after one-year AIT in AR patients
Summary
Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is the most effective treatment for immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated diseases, especially allergic rhinitis (AR), and asthma[1]. AIT is associated with reduced symptoms, reduced need for rescue medications, and improved quality of life 3. It can prevent asthma onset in children with AR 4. It leads to a state of desensitization or tolerance in treated patients via induction of allergen-specific regulatory T cells, switch from IgE to IgG isotypes especially IgG4 which block allergen-IgE interactions, and modulation of several cytokine and chemokine responses[5]. Biomarkers can assist in the development of treatment modalities. These kinds of markers can be cellular (Tregs), humoral (sIgG4 and sIgE), molecular (interleukins), or
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