Abstract
Periostin is an extracellular matrix protein highly expressed in collagen-rich tissues subjected to continuous mechanical stress. Functionally, periostin is involved in tissue remodeling and its altered function is associated to numerous pathological processes. In orthodontics, periostin plays key roles in the maintenance of dental tissues and it is mainly expressed in those areas where tension or pressing forces are taking place. In this regard, high expression of periostin is essential to promote migration and proliferation of periodontal ligament fibroblasts. However little is known about the participation of periostin in migration and adhesion processes of bone remodeling cells. In this work we employ the mouse pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 and the macrophage-like RAW 264.7 cell lines to overexpress periostin and perform different cell-based assays to study changes in cell behavior. Our data indicate that periostin overexpression not only increases adhesion capacity of MC3T3-E1 cells to different matrix proteins but also hampers their migratory capacity. Changes on RNA expression profile of MC3T3-E1 cells upon periostin overexpression have been also analyzed, highlighting the alteration of genes implicated in processes such as cell migration, adhesion or bone metabolism but not in bone differentiation. Overall, our work provides new evidence on the impact of periostin in osteoblasts physiology.
Highlights
Periostin, named osteoblast-specific factor 2, is an ECM protein belonging to the fascilin-1 family of proteins
Periostin effect on cell properties has already been described in several cell lines [30,31,32,33] we wanted to asses periostin effects in two murine cell lines directly implicated in bone— physiology and with antagonistic functions; the pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cell line, a good model for studying in vitro osteoblast differentiation; and the murine macrophage RAW264.7 cell line, with the capacity to differentiate to osteoclast-like cells
Periostin importance in bone and teeth metabolism has been underlined after generation of periostinnull mice [11]
Summary
Named osteoblast-specific factor 2, is an ECM protein belonging to the fascilin-1 family of proteins. It was firstly identified as an osteoblast specific factor using techniques of subtraction hybridization and differential screening [1]. Periostin is mainly expressed in the periosteum, periodontal ligament and in osteoblastic cells on the alveolar bone surface in adult tissues [2], and its expression is induced by TGF-β [1]. It was proposed that periostin was a component of the extracellular matrix with a structural function. Nowadays it is known that periostin plays important roles in functions essential.
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