ROLE OF P 53 AND KI-67 AS A PROGNOSTIC BIOMARKER OF UROTHELIAL CARCINOMA.

Abstract

Introduction: Bladder cancers are common malignancies worldwide, and histological examination is the cornerstone of diagnosis and management of these tumours. There exists huge interobserver variability in grading of urothelial carcinoma, furthermore supercial biopsies and cautery effect also effect tumour staging. Pathological grading, staging and their correlation with molecular markers like p53 and Ki-67 might better predict patient outcome and play signicant role in designing the management protocols of these patients. Thus, we aimed to study the role of p 53 and Ki-67 as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers of urothelial carcinoma in south east Indian population. This was a Methods: prospective study that included 46 patients with Urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder. The histopathological evaluation of the tumor tissue was performed to assess the grade and stage of the tumor and was further correlated with important demographic details and with immunohistochemical expression of p 53 and Ki-67. The mean age was 55 and 65 years Results: for male and female patients respectively. Haematuria was the most common presenting symptom. A total of 38 (74%) patients had high-grade tumors. p T2 stage disease was observed in 60% patients. High expression of p 53 expression was noted in 52% of total cases, of which 85% of cases had high grade morphology and 66% were p T2 stage tumours. High expression of p 53 was also noted in 45% of p T1 tumors. Ki-67 showed high expression in 82.6 % of cases; 94% of which were high-grade and 25% were low-grade cases. Although males have preponderance for Conclusion: afiction, but in our country, females also show higher incidence of urothelial carcinoma as compared to published literature. In addition, patients in Indian population present with higher stage disease. p 53 and Ki-67 are biomarkers of higher stage and grade disease, however additional factors also play a denite role in tumour progression and thus in patient outcome