Role of other plant organs in gibberellic acid‐induced delay of leaf senescence in alstroemeria cut flowers

Abstract

Chlorophyll loss in leaves of cut flowers of alstroemeria (Alstroemeria pelegrina L. cv. Westland) was rapid in darkness and counteracted by irradiation and treatment of the flowers with gibberellic acid (GA3). The mechanism of the effect of GA3 under dark conditions was investigated. The content of various carbohydrates in the leaves under dark conditions rapidly decreased; this was not influenced by treatment with GA3. indicating that the loss of carbohydrates in the leaves did not induce the loss of chlorophyll. Placing the cut flowers in various solutions of organic and inorganic nutrients exhibited no significant effect on the retention of chlorophyll in leaves of dark‐senescing flowers. The total nitrogen content in leaves of dark‐senescing cut flowers decreased with time. Leaves of GA3‐treated flowers retained more nitrogen. In contrast, the buds of GA3‐treated flowers retained less nitrogen during senescence in the dark than control buds. To investigate whether GA3 affects export of assimilates from the leaf to various parts of control and GA3‐treated flowers, we labelled one leaf with radioactive carbon dioxide. 14C‐assimilates accumulated preferentially in the flowers, in which the relative specific activity of the youngest floral buds was highest. No significant differences were observed in the distribution of 14C‐labelled compounds between the buds of control and GA3‐treated flowers. To establish the importance of source‐sink relations for the loss of leaf chlorophyll we removed the flower buds (i. e. the strongest sink) from the cut flowers. This removal only slightly delayed chlorophyll loss as compared to the large delay caused by GA3‐treatment. In addition, detached leaf tips exhibited chlorophyll loss in the dark, which was delayed by GA3‐treatment in a fashion comparable with that in flowers. Together these data demonstrate that interactions of the leaves with other plant organs are not essential for chlorophyll loss during senescence in the dark. Additionally, we have found no evidence that GA3 delays the loss of chlorophyll by affecting the transport of nutrients within the cut flowers.