Abstract
Ceramics is the first artificial material ever created by a human and it allows to expand the variety of methods that applied to ancient pottery research. The article concerns data on physical, petrographic, chemical and geochemical analyses of Neolithic and medieval ceramics. Complex analysis of ancient pottery using natural sciences techniques aimed at solution of clearly defined research questions is essential in tackling actual problems of archaeological study. Considering the data acquired by the conduction of physical and chemical analysis of Neolithic ceramics of Karelia and petrographic analysis of comb-pit and rhomb-pit ceramics of White Sea, Ladoga and Onega basins we managed to identify and characterize main components of ceramic pastes, its quantitative relation and to define conditions of firing procedure. The latest techniques of geochemical analyses were applied to study of medieval pottery of ancient Karelian hillforts. New data on chemical and mineralogical composition of ceramic paste was obtained; moreover there were identified imported vessels in Karelian ware and also the place of production for some of them.
Highlights
Керамика является первым искусственным материалом, созданным человеком, что позволяет значительно расширить спектр методов для ее изучения
Ceramics is the first artificial material ever created by a human, which allows us to apply various methods to ancient pottery research
A complex analysis of ancient pottery using natural science techniques aimed at achieving definite research objectives is essential in tackling actual problems of archaeological study
Summary
Керамика является первым искусственным материалом, созданным человеком, что позволяет значительно расширить спектр методов для ее изучения. Современные геофизические и геохимические методы исследования позволяют успешно определять химический и минералогический состав глин и примесных неорганических фракций, температуру обжига керамики, возраст сосуда, физико-механические свойства глиняной посуды [Дребушак, 2006; Ковалюх, Скрипкин, 2007]. Первые попытки исследования археологической керамики на территории Карелии с использованием методов естественных наук предприняты совместно с сотрудниками Института геологии КарНЦ РАН1.
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