Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health problem. Patients with CKD have a number of disorders in the organism, and the presence of oxidative stress and systemic inflammation in these patients is the subject of numerous studies. Chronic inflammation joined with oxidative stress contributes to the development of numerous complications: accelerated atherosclerosis process and cardiovascular disease, emergence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus, development of malnutrition, anaemia, hyperparathyroidism, and so forth, affecting the prognosis and quality of life of patients with CKD. In this review we presented the potential role of the myeloperoxidase enzyme in the production of reactive/chlorinating intermediates and their role in oxidative damage to biomolecules in the body of patients with chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease. In addition, we discussed the role of modified lipoprotein particles under the influence of prooxidant MPO intermediates in the development of endothelial changes and cardiovascular complications in renal failure.
Highlights
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a widespread health problem
The results indicated that, unlike in healthy subjects, a single HD treatment was capable of significantly increasing MPO in neutrophils of CKD patients, due to MPO genetic polymorphism, and due to dialysis procedure itself [52]
Researching endothelial dysfunction in patients undergoing dialysis, which is prior to structural changes in the vascular tree and the consequent clinical changes in blood vessels, Stenvinkel et al [86] confirmed that endothelial dysfunction is associated with reduced NO bioavailability and increased concentration of its endogenous inhibitor: asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) concentration in serum
Summary
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a widespread health problem. CKD progresses irreversibly and may lead to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). CKD and ESRD are linked to an increased risk of mortality, cardiovascular complications and comorbidities, and high costs for the treatment of renal failure with dialysis or transplantation. Myeloperoxidase (MPO, EC 1.11.1.7) is a heme-containing enzyme found in mammalian neutrophils, where it catalyzes the hydrogen peroxide mediated peroxidation of halide ions and the pseudohalide thiocyanate. Products of these reactions and their secondary metabolites are responsible for killing phagocytized bacteria and viruses [2]. MPO and MPOderived oxidants may participate as mediators of oxidative modification of biomolecules/tissues and contribute to the development of comorbidities and complications in patient with CKD
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