Role of multivesicular emulsions containing ceramides and moisturizers in the treatment of skin diseases

Abstract

Human skin is a complex multilayered organ. It is the largest organ of the body. As a self-regulating barrier, the skin maintains life, preventing the entry of microorganisms and chemicals into the body and at the same time regulates the loss of heat and water from the body. It is composed of two main layers - epidermis and dermis. The epidermis is covered by a hydrolipid shell, which is maintained by the secretion of sweat and sebum glands. It helps maintain skin volume and acts as an additional barrier against bacteria and fungi. The stratum corneum is the outermost layer of the skin, made up of cells whose cytoplasm has been replaced by keratin. Its proper function plays a key role in maintaining skin health, and improper function leads to skin diseases. The stratum corneum consists of corneocytes surrounded by intercellular lipids, including ceramides, free fatty acids, and cholesterol. Disruption of the epidermal barrier is involved in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. Recent data show its importance in other skin conditions, such as acne vulgaris and rosacea. In the treatment of these diseases should be properly selected medicinal products, dispensed with or without a prescription, therapeutic moisturizers and cleansers that help maintain the functional and structural integrity of the skin. The predominant ceramide moisturizers have become the basis for the treatment of skin diseases. New technologies for the delivery of ceramides with multivesicular emulsions delay the ceramides during release continuously and no rupture effect occurs. Multivesicular emulsion systems are a new patented technology for local delivery of medicinal products. It involves the creation of a two-phase oil-in-water emulsion system that produces concentric multilayer spheres of oil and water. The active ingredients can be released from their respective layers when applied to the skin. In addition to the controlled release of active substances, the multivesicular emulsion base improves the biophysical properties of the skin by reducing transepidermal water loss and improving skin hydration.