Role of Mindin in Diabetic Nephropathy

Maki Murakoshi,Yasuhiko Tomino,Tomohito Gohda,Kazuhiko Funabiki,Satoshi Horikoshi,Mitsuo Tanimoto

doi:10.1155/2011/486305

Abstract

A number of studies have shown that proinflammatory cytokines have important roles in determining the development of microvascular diabetic complications, including nephropathy. Inflammatory biomarkers should be useful for diagnosis or monitoring of diabetic nephropathy. Mindin (spondin 2) is a member of the mindin-/F-spondin family of secreted extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Recent studies showed that mindin is essential for initiation of innate immune response and represents a unique pattern-recognition molecule in the ECM. Previously, we demonstrated that the levels of urinary mindin in patients with type 2 diabetes were higher than those in healthy individuals. We propose that urinary mindin is a potent biomarker for the development of diabetic nephropathy.

Highlights

Diabetic nephropathy is a major cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in the United States, Japan, and most of Europe [1]
In 1991, Hasegawa et al reported that glomerular basement membranes from diabetic rats induced significantly greater amounts of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) in cultured peritoneal macrophages than when these cells were incubated with basement membranes from nondiabetic rats [12]
We focused on mindin expression in the glomeruli and attempted to determine whether an increase in urinary mindin was associated with the development of diabetic nephropathy

Summary

Introduction

Diabetic nephropathy is a major cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in the United States, Japan, and most of Europe [1]. In 1991, Hasegawa et al reported that glomerular basement membranes from diabetic rats induced significantly greater amounts of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) in cultured peritoneal macrophages than when these cells were incubated with basement membranes from nondiabetic rats [12]. Based on these findings, the authors suggested for the first time that inflammatory cytokines may participate in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy [12]. The present paper focuses on mindin as a urinary marker in diabetic nephropathy

Molecular Structure of Mindin

Role of Mindin in Inflammatory Disease

Mindin and Diabetic Nephropathy

Findings

Conclusion